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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of eighty meters or 265 feet. The tower crane's maximum lifting capacity is sixteen thousand six hundred forty two kg or 39,690 lbs. with counter weights of 20 tons. Furthermore, two limit switches are utilized in order to ensure the driver does not overload the crane. There is even one more safety feature called a load moment switch to make sure that the driver does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Finally, the maximum reach of a tower crane is 70 meters or 230 feet.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, specially due to their extreme heights. First, the stationary structure needs to be transported to the construction site by utilizing a big tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is used so as to assemble the machinery portion of the jib and the crane. These sections are then attached to the mast. The mobile crane next adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts could be some of the other industrial machines which is typically used to erect a crane.
As the building is erected, mast extensions are added to the crane. This is how the crane's height can match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is referred to as a top climber or a climbing frame that fits between the slewing unit and the top of the mast. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit is able to detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are used to adjust the slewing unit up an extra twenty feet or 6.1m. Next, the operator of the crane utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into position one more mast section piece.
The definition of a "loaded container" for the purpose of container handling and securing; is a container other than in the tare or empty condition. Containers must be treated as loaded, unless otherwise confirmed. In order to maintain safety, when securing or handling containers, environmental conditions such as wind should be taken into consideration. The word loaded refers to the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. So as to ensure that the centre of gravity is kept as low and central as possible, the load should be equally distributed all around the container.
Having an evenly distributed cargo it is advantageous to prevent lack of vehicle stability, and excessive tilting, so as to maintain safety. An even cargo helps to prevent unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the distribution of load within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is extremely important that the designers of handling equipment and containers take this into consideration in the engineering process. For example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the length of the container measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to 5 percent.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make sure that the machinery utilized is perfect for the cargo. Particular attention should be paid to the possibility of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When lifting any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like a tank container, a bulk container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging load, great care should be taken when lifting these.
